Answer: XL = 31.4 Ω, XC = 31.8 Ω.
- A XL = 3.14 Ω, XC = 31.8 Ω
- B XL = 31.4 Ω, XC = 31.8 Ω
- C XL = 314 Ω, XC = 3.18 Ω
- D XL = 3.14 Ω, XC = 318 Ω
Correct answer: B. XL = 31.4 Ω, XC = 31.8 Ω
Explanation: XL = 2πfL = 2π × 50 × 0.01 = π ≈ 3.14 Ω. Wait: 2 × 3.14 × 50 × 0.01 = 3.14 Ω. XC = 1/(2πfC) = 1/(2π × 50 × 10⁻⁴) = 1/(0.03142) = 31.8 Ω. So option A is correct.
In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.
Concept context
AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.