Answer: Doubles (pressure halves).
- A Doubles (pressure halves)
- B Stays the same as generally observed
- C Quadruples in typical laboratory settings
- D Halves under usual circumstances
Correct answer: A. Doubles (pressure halves)
Explanation: At 10 m depth, pressure ≈ 2 atm. At surface, 1 atm. By Boyle's law: PV = constant. Vsurface = 2 × Vdepth. Volume doubles.
Since the same volume of fluid must pass every cross-section per second (continuity), the fluid speeds up where the pipe narrows; Bernoulli's equation then says this faster-moving fluid has lower pressure - the principle behind a venturi meter and an aircraft wing's lift.
Concept context
Pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli equation, viscosity, and surface tension.